TOP THINGS WOMEN INVENTED!part2

#6 MARGARET KNIGHT: THE "QUEEN" OF PAPER BAGS

Before the paper bag, the 1st version was shaped like an envelope, with no flat bottom. How were you supposed to fit your sandwich into that? Knight solved this by creating a machine to cut, fold, and glue square bottoms to paper bags! She gained a patent for it in 1871, but not without a lawsuit against a fellow who stole her idea. His defense was "a woman could never design such an innovative machine," but she had the drawings to prove the invention was in fact hers and she won the case. Knight's career with inventions started at age 12, when she developed a stop-motion device that immediately brought industrial machines to a halt if something was caught in them. Over the course of her lifetime, she was awarded over 26 patents.

#7 TABITHA BABBITT: THE CIRCULAR SAW

In the early 1800s, two men were required to work a lumber saw by pulling and pushing, back and forth. But thanks to a woman, the process became much simpler. In 1813, Tabitha Babbitt created the circular saw! Babbitt's saw was circular so that the teeth would continue cutting, unlike the straight saws that only cut on the pull, and not the push motion. We also commonly use her other building innovations, like machine-cut nails instead of individually hand-crafted nails. As a Massachusetts Shaker community member, she helped create tool innovations for furniture making. It's said that while she lived a simple Shaker life, Babbitt never applied for patents.

#8 STEPHANIE KWOLEK: BULLET PROOF VESTS

Stephanie Kwolek invented Kevlar, a tough durable material now used to make bulletproof vests. For years she'd worked on the process at DuPont and in 1963, she got the polymers or rod-like molecules in fibers to line up in one direction. This made the material stronger than others, where molecules were arranged in bundles. In fact, the new material was as strong as steel! Kwolek's technology also went on to be used for making suspension bridge cables, helmets, brake pads, skis, and camping gear.

#9 RACHEL ZIMMERMAN: THE BLISSYMBOL PRINTER

The inventor of "Liquid Paper" or as we may know it, "White-Out" was Betty Nesmith Graham. Graham got an idea she'd seen done by sign painters, which was to add another layer of paint to cover-up mistakes. She used a kitchen blender to mix-up her first batch of substance to cover-up over mistakes made on paper at work. After much experimenting and then being fired for spending so much time distributing her product as a trial, she received a patent in 1958.

#10 ALICE H. PARKER: THE GAS HEATING FURNANCE

Parker was an African-American inventor who in 1919, filed the first U.S. patent for the precursor to a central heating system. The system was able to regulate the temperature of a building and carry heat from room to room. The drawings included for the patent show a heating furnace powered by gas. An entire house required several heating units, each controlled by individual hot air ducts. The ducts directed heat to different parts of a building structure. Many people now no longer needed to chop or buy wood and coal to stay warm. There's not much more known about Parker's life, but her invention of the heating furnace has revolutionized how we live today.                                
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